Which of the following lists the three types of hazards?

• A. Surface, Moving, Visual
• B. Surface, Weather, Visual
• C. Moving, Weather, Signage
• D. Surface, Lighting, Visual

Answer: (D)

Hazards on the road are grouped into surface, lighting, and visual categories. Surface hazards are the physical conditions of the pavement that can affect traction or stability—potholes, cracks, loose gravel, oil patches, or metal grates. Lighting hazards involve visibility for you and being seen by others—glare from the sun, poorly lit streets, or reflections that hide obstacles. Visual hazards are anything that compromises what you can see or interpret ahead—obstructions in sightlines, distracting reflections, or signs and objects that pull your attention away from the riding path.

These three areas together give a practical framework for scanning and responding to risk. Weather and moving objects can create danger, but they’re not the three standard hazard categories in this framework, and signage is information rather than a hazard type.